Mahmoud Safari; Nikrooz Bagheri; Aziz sheikhi garjan; Saeed zarifneshat
Abstract
Tomato moth is one of the most destructive pests in tomato farms. One of the methods to control this pest is the chemical spraying using different sprayers. In recent years, spraying drones have also been used for chemical control of pests, but the performance of these sprayers in tomato farms has not ...
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Tomato moth is one of the most destructive pests in tomato farms. One of the methods to control this pest is the chemical spraying using different sprayers. In recent years, spraying drones have also been used for chemical control of pests, but the performance of these sprayers in tomato farms has not been evaluated yet. In this research, three different spraying methods were evaluated in controling the Tota pest in a tomato farm in Safadasht Karaj region in a completely randomized design (RCD) and in three replications. Experimental treatments included: 1- spraying with the tractor lancer sprayer, 2- spraying with a back knapsack sprayer (atomizer), and 3- spraying with Sprayer drone. The results obtained with Duncan's multi-range test at the level of significant of 1% showed that the consumption of solution of pesticide was 373.3, 207.1 and 8.4 liters per hectare, the rate of drift was 46.5%, 32.6% and 9.9%, the effective capacity of farm was 0.5, 0.4 and 4.9 hectares per hour, and the farm efficiency was 44.6%, 35.7% and 68.0% in tractor lancer sprayer, knapsck sprayer and sprayer drone, respectively. In terms of effectiveness, based on the number of tunnels made by larvae on fruits and the number of live larvae found after 3, 7 and 10 days of spraying, it has been found that the tractor lancer sprayer had the highest effectiveness with 82% in 10 days after spraying. The spraying quality coefficient in knapsack sprayer and drone sprayer was 2.92 and 1.22, respectively. From the economical point of view, the benefit - cost ratio was 1.93, 1.88 and 4.80, in tractor lancer sprayer, knapsck sprayer and sprayer drone respectively. which shows that the sprayer drone works better than the other two sprayers. Based on technical and economical results, our recommendation is to use sprayer drone to control the Tota pest, despite its lower effectiveness.
Saeed zarifneshat; Mohammad Hossein Saeidirad; Mahmoud Safari; Hanif Reza Motame AlShariati; Mojtaba Naseri
Abstract
In this study, the performance of the drone sprayer and conventional sprayers was evaluated for weed control in wheat fields. This project was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design with three replications. The studied parameters were: effective spraying width, spraying time per hectare ...
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In this study, the performance of the drone sprayer and conventional sprayers was evaluated for weed control in wheat fields. This project was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design with three replications. The studied parameters were: effective spraying width, spraying time per hectare and consequently the field capacity and field efficiency of sprayers, amount of herbicide solution per hectare, volume and number median Diameter of herbicide particles, spraying quality coefficient, drift, energy consumption, crushing rate of Wheat, sprayers effectiveness and economic evaluation. The results of analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the experimental treatments at 5% probability level. The results showed that the drone sprayer, boom sprayer and the turboliner sprayer had 11.14, 351.59, 249.14 liters solution per hectare, 16.76, 7.66 and 38.6% rate of drift, and 6.72, 5.92 and 7.66 hectar per hour field capacity, and energy consumption of 418, 2837.8 and 4796.2 kJ respectively. E was 72.6, 5.92 and 7.66 hectares per hour and energy consumption was 418, 2837.8 and 4796.2 Kjoules per hectar. Spray quality coefficient in drone sprayer and turboliner sprayer were 1.78 and 4.24, respectively. In 30 days after spraying, no significant difference was observed between treatments in terms of operation effectiveness. The cost per hectare of using drone sprayer was twice as much as conventional sprayers.
Mohammad Hossein Saeidirad; Saeed zarifneshat
Abstract
A considerable part of investment on producing potato are spent in harvesting stage. This research was carried out in the form of factorial experiment with the base of randomized complete block design to compare the technical performance of potato harvesters in different planting methods. This ...
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A considerable part of investment on producing potato are spent in harvesting stage. This research was carried out in the form of factorial experiment with the base of randomized complete block design to compare the technical performance of potato harvesters in different planting methods. This research was conducted to find out the effects of planting methods (in two levels: using two-row and six-row planter machines), harvesting methods (in three levels: using combine harvester, two-row harvester, and combination of harvester and combine machines), and two levels of soil moisture content (11 and 15%) on efficiency, effective field capacity, fuel consumption, fuel and laborer energy consumption in harvesting process, and tuber losses. Results showed that the highest effective field capacity and efficiency (0.59 ha/h and 81.1%) was related to combination harvesting method. The lowest effective field capacity happened when two-row harvesting machine was used, while the lowest efficiency (65.49%) were observed when combine harvester was employed. The highest (3.38%) and lowest (0%) of products left on the field, were observed in combination method and two-row harvesting method respectively. Results showed that in all three methods, energy consumption increased when the moisture content increased from 11 to 15% ; results also indicated that the highest amount of energy consumption happened in harvesting of potato by two-row harvesting machine and when soil moisture content was 15%.
Mohamad Hossein Saeidi-Rad; Abbas Mahdi-Nia; Saeed Zarif-Neshat
Abstract
The most important limiting factors in reduction of mechanization degree of cotton harvesting are access to suitable harvester for a specific planting pattern and lack of suitable varieties. In order to evaluate the performance of cotton picking combines in conventional planting patterns, three cotton ...
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The most important limiting factors in reduction of mechanization degree of cotton harvesting are access to suitable harvester for a specific planting pattern and lack of suitable varieties. In order to evaluate the performance of cotton picking combines in conventional planting patterns, three cotton picking combines (self-power three-row cotton picker that was designed and built in Khorasan Razavi Agricultural Research Center, self-propelled two-row cotton picker and tractor-mounted two-row cotton picker) were studied. In this context , the effects of type of cotton picker (three levels), forward speed (2.1, 3.4 and 4.8 km/h) and cotton variety ( Khordad and Varamin) were investigated and the effect on parameters such as weight percentage of cotton losses at first and second picking stages, weight percentage of cotton waste, efficiency, effective field capacity and fuel consumption were recorded. The results showed that self-propelled three-row cotton picker had the highest effective field capacity (0.48 ha/hr.) and the lowest efficiency percent (64.9%) as compared to the other cotton pickers. The highest efficiency (74.68%) belonged to self-propelled two-row cotton picker. The lowest weight percentage of cotton losses (7.87%) was obtained at 1.2 km/hr. forward speed. The economic analysis and comparison of cotton pickers showed that the self-propelled three-row cotton picker, due to lower initial cost as compared to others cotton pickers, had the lowest period of initial cast return (3.29 years).
Mohamad Mazhari
Abstract
Iranian saffron is produced mainly in the provinces of Khorasan-e Razavi and Khorasan-e Jonoobi and is a strategic product of the agricultural sector. The high demand in the global market for saffron provides employment opportunities. Increasing production by improving mechanization methods at the various ...
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Iranian saffron is produced mainly in the provinces of Khorasan-e Razavi and Khorasan-e Jonoobi and is a strategic product of the agricultural sector. The high demand in the global market for saffron provides employment opportunities. Increasing production by improving mechanization methods at the various stages of production is the major challenge. The research format of this study was applied-development and the method was a cross-sectional survey. The SWOT model of strategic planning was the most important model for determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of mechanization in saffron production. These were identified and evaluated and the best strategy for the development of mechanization was determined. The results showed that the sum of the final scores of the internal matrix factors (strengths and weaknesses) was 2.73. This indicates that the strengths were greater than the weaknesses. The matrix of external factors (opportunities and threats) had a total score of 2.67, which indicates that the current situation can be strengthened in the face of threats and opportunities with an appropriate strategic response. An aggressive strategy is best for improvement and development of farm mechanization in the Khorasan provinces. The superior strategies were determined using the quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM).
